Virtual Reality

Virtual reality (VR) refers to specifically designed virtual environments that the user can interface with in seemingly realistic ways through the use of explicitly designed visual, auditory, and haptic forms of technology. These heightened forms of experience provided by VR afford for learning through offering mimicry experiences of real life locations and events which allow for personal, self-paced exploration of subject matters usually only able to be explored through an observation of another’s experience or recount of a past experience. Virtual reality allows the user to partake in specifically tailored first-hand experiences (e.g. learning to fly a plane first-hand in a virtual reality simulator) which offer a mix of auditory, visual, and kinesthetic content, allowing for the support of learning regardless of the user’s preferred learning style.

Augmented Reality

Augmented reality (AR) makes use of a virtual environment within which computer generated imagery is superimposed upon a real-time view of a physical environment, delivered via a live camera feed. Augmented Reality's main goal is to bring elements from the virtual world over into the real. This is predominantly facilitated through the use of physical markers within the physical environment, which are detected and tracked through the live video feed to imply where the digital content is to be rendered in three dimensional space; or through alternate tracking systems such as GPS which track the digital contents estimated physical position in relation to the user’s position and rotation in the physical environment.

3D Fabrication

3D fabrication is the process of conceptualisng, constructing, printing and assembling 3D objects. Objects for print are usually modelled from scratch through the use 3D modelling software, or converted from existing 3D formats. From these digital formats they are brought to life through a process called additive manufacturing, where the model is split horizontally into layers which are printed directly on top of each other using specifically designed filament.

Description

Spatial visualisation skills and interpretations are critical, but traditionally difficult to effectively communicate. The aim of this project is to study the impact that Higher Dimensional Media such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) and 3d Printing can have within stakeholder communication, design and skills related pedagogies. Currently designers and reviewers are communicating complex spatial concepts through primarily 2d media which inherently requires development of the ability to mentally translate this media to 3d for discussion and back to 2d for feedback. However, with the integration of VR, AR, and 3d printing it is possible for all stakeholders to communicate in 3 or more dimensions, which more accurately represents the physical reality they work in. The goal is to guide the use of emerging comparative multimodal visualization as pedagogy through media properties, lesson sequencing, and reflection to inform effective instruction and learning thus shifting research away from whether technology, simulation or visualization affects learning and knowledge transfer.

Impact and Citations

Vasilevski, N., & Birt, J. R. (2021). Human-Centered Design Science Research Evaluation for Gamified Augmented Reality. Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 2, 1-9. [713718]. https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2021.713718

Sander, E. J., Marques, C., Birt, J. R., Stead, M., & Baumann, O. (2021). Open-plan office noise is stressful: multimodal stress detection in a simulated work environment. Journal of Management and Organization. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2021.17

Doggett, R., Sander, E. J., Birt, J. R., Ottley, M., & Baumann, O. (2021). Using Virtual Reality to Evaluate the Impact of Room Acoustics on Cognitive Performance and Well-Being. Frontiers in Virtual Reality. https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2021.620503

Birt, J. R., & Vasilevski, N. (2021). Comparison of Single and Multiuser Immersive Mobile Virtual Reality Usability in Construction Education. Educational Technology and Society, 24(2), 93-106. https://www.j-ets.net/collection/published-issues/24_2

Narayan, V., Cochrane, T., Cowie, N., Goldacre, P., Birt, J. R., Sinfield, D., Alizadeh, M., Worthington, T., & Aiello, S. (2021). Mobile learning and socially constructed blended learning through the lens of Activity Theory. In ASCILITE 2021: 38th International Conference on Innovation, Practice and Research in the Use of Educational Technologies in Tertiary Education (pp. 166-171). https://doi.org/10.14742/ascilite2021.0123

Cochrane, T., Narayan, V., Aiello, S., Birt, J. R., Cowie, N., Cowling, M. A., Deneen, C., Goldacre, P., Alizadeh, M., Sinfield, D., Stretton, T., & Worthington, T. (2021). Post Pandemic Socially Constructed Blended Synchronous Learning: Vignettes from the Mobile Learning SIG. Poster session presented at ASCILITE 2021: 38th International Conference on Innovation, Practice and Research in the Use of Educational Technologies in Tertiary Education, Armidale, Australia. https://doi.org/10.26188/17096882

Cochrane, T., Narayan, V., & Birt, J. R. (2020). Special collection on mobile mixed reality 2019 update. Research in Learning Technology, 28, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.25304/rlt.v28.2424

Vasilevski, N., & Birt, J. R. (2020). Analysing construction student experiences of mobile mixed reality enhanced learning in virtual and augmented reality environments. Research in Learning Technology, 28, 1-23. [2329].https://doi.org/10.25304/rlt.v28.2329

Cowling, M. A., & Birt, J. R. (2020). Mixed Reality Multimodal Learning Analytics. In M. Peters, & R. Heraud (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Educational Innovation Springer.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2262-4_149-1

Birt, J. (2019). For sustained leadership in the scholarship of mobile mixed reality innovations to enhance authentic experiential teaching and learning. Citation for Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning. Universities Australia. https://www.universitiesaustralia.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/200130-AAUT-booklet.pdf

Vasilevski, N., Brand, J. E., & Birt, J. R. (2019). Optimizing Augmented Reality Outcomes in a Gamified Place Experience Application through Design Science Research. In S. N. Spencer (Ed.), VRCAI '19 Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and its Applications in Industry [52] New York: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). https://doi.org/10.1145/3359997.3365747

Birt, J. R., & Vasilevski, N. (2019). Piloting Mobile Mixed Reality to Enhance Building Information Modelling Delivery in Construction Education. In S. Chew Yi Wei, C. Kah Mun, & A. Alphonso (Eds.), Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ASCILITE) 2019 Conference Proceedings (Vol. 36, pp. 363-367). ASCILITE. https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/34341402/am_Piloting_Mobile_Mixed_Reality_to_Enhance_Building.pdf

Vasilevski, N. & Birt,J. (2019, Sep). Towards Optimizing Place Experience using Design Science Research and Augmented Reality Gamification. In A. Naweed, L. Bowditch, & C. Sprick (Eds.),Intersections in Simulation and Gaming: Disruption and Balance: Third Australasian Simulation Congress, ASC 2019, Gold Coast, Australia, September 2–5, 2019, Proceedings (pp. 77-92). (Communications in Computer and Information Science; Vol. 1067). Singapore: Springer.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9582-7_6

Birt, J., Clare, D. & Cowling, M. (2019, Aug). Piloting Multimodal Learning Analytics using Mobile Mixed Reality in Health Education. 7th IEEE International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SEGAH) Kyoto.https://research.bond.edu.au/en/publications/piloting-multimodal-learning-analytics-using-mobile-mixed-reality

Kinash, S., Birt, J. & Judd, M. (2019). Is Technology Enabling or Disabling for Diverse Learners Studying Online. In Moore, M. & Diehl, W. (4th Eds.), Handbook of distance education. New York: Routledge. https://www.routledge.com/Handbook-of-Distance-Education-4th-Edition/Moore-Diehl/p/book/9781138239005

Vasilevski, N., Brand, J., & Birt,J. (2018, Dec). Analysing Micro-Location Gamification: Scenarios, Types and Characteristics. In D. McKay, J. Waycott, A. Morrison, J. Hee-Jeong Choi, A. Lugmayr, M. Billinghurst, R. Kelly, G. Buchanan, ... D. Stevenson (Eds.), Proceedings of the 30th Australian Computer-Human Interaction Conference (OzCHI 2018) (pp. 484-489). New York: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). http://doi.org/10.1145/3292147.3292210

Cowling, M., Hillier, M. & Birt, J. (2018, Nov). Integrating Mixed Reality Spatial Learning Analytics into Secure Electronic Exams. In M. Campbell, J. Willems, C. Adachi, D. Blake, I. Doherty, S. Krishnan, S. Macfarlane, L. Ngo, M. O’Donnell, S. Palmer, L. Riddell, I. Story, H. Suri & J. Tai (Eds.), Open Oceans: Learning Without Borders Proceedings ASCILITE2018:35th International Conference on Innovation, Practice and Research in the Use of Educational Technologies in Tertiary Education (pp. 330-334). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329254730_Integrating_Mixed_Reality_Spatial_Learning_Analytics_into_Secure_Electronic_Exams

Birt, J. & Cowling, M. (2018). Assessing mobile mixed reality affordances as a comparative visualization pedagogy for design communication. Research in Learning Technology, 26.doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.25304/rlt.v26.2128

Birt, J., Manyuru, P. & Nelson, J. (2017). Using virtual and augmented reality to study architectural lighting. In H. Partridge, K. Davis, & J. Thomas. (Eds.), Me, Us, IT! Proceedings ASCILITE2017:34th International Conference on Innovation, Practice and Research in the Use of Educational Technologies in Tertiary Education (pp. 17-21). http://2017conference.ascilite.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Concise-BIRT.pdf

Cowling, M. & Birt, J. (2017). Visualising mixed reality simulation for multiple users. In H. Partridge, K. Davis, & J. Thomas. (Eds.), Me, Us, IT! Proceedings ASCILITE2017: 34th International Conference on Innovation, Practice and Research in the Use of Educational Technologies in Tertiary Education (pp. 52-56). http://2017conference.ascilite.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Concise-COWLING.pdf

Birt, J. & Cowling, M. A. (2017). Towards future mixed reality learning spaces for STEAM education. International Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education, 25(4), 1. https://openjournals.library.sydney.edu.au/index.php/CAL/article/view/12173/11405

Birt, J. & Spatial Media. (2017), Improving community awareness of infrastructure noise through mixed reality simulation, Advanced Queensland Knowledge Transfer Partnership Grant. Details available from: Advanced Queensland

Cowling, M., Tanenbaum, J., Birt, J., & Tanenbaum, K. (2017). Augmenting reality for augmented reality. interactions, 24(1), 42-45. https://doi.org/10.1145/3019008

Birt, J., & Cowling. M. A. (2016). Mixed reality in higher education:Pedagogy before technology. Research workshop presented at ALASO 2016: Australian Learning Analytics Summer Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide. https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/26049392/Mixed_reality_in_higher_education_Pedagogy_before_technology_workshop_slides.pdf

Birt, J., Nelson, J., & Hovorka, D. (2015). Towards a Pedagogy of Comparative Visualization in 3D Design Disciplines. In T. Reiners, B.R. von Konsky, D. Gibson, V. Chang, L. Irving, & K. Clarke (Eds.), Globally connected, digitally enabled. Proceedings Ascilite 2015 in Perth (pp. CP:32-CP:36). https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/25032381/Towards_a_pedagogy_of_comparative_visualization_in_3D_design_disciplines.pdf

Birt, J., Hovorka, D., & Nelson, J. (2015). Interdisciplinary Translation of Comparative Visualization. Proceedings of the 26th Australasian Conference on Information Systems, Adelaide, Australia, December 2015. Awarded ACPHIS Kit Dampney Best Education Paper Prize. https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/26001091/0980030529.pdf

Birt, J. (2014). For improving student learning and engagement through practical juxtaposition of art and science in multi-media education. Citation for Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning. Universities Australia. https://www.universitiesaustralia.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/2012-2015_citations_for_website.pdf

Birt, J. & Hovorka, D.S. (2014) Effect of mixed media visualization on learner perceptions and outcomes, Proceedings of the 25th Australasian Conference on Information Systems, AUT, Auckland, New Zealand, December 2014. https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/26200167/Effect_of_mixed_media_visualization_on_learner_perceptions_and_outcomes.pdf

Birt, J. (2014). Mixed media visualization effect on student perceptions and learning outcomes. In B. Hegarty, J. McDonald, & S.-K. Loke (Eds.), Rhetoric and Reality: Critical perspectives on educational technology. Proceedings Ascilite Dunedin 2014 (pp. 514-518).https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/27498816/Mixed_media_visualization_effect_on_student_perceptions_and_learn.pdf

Birt, J. (2012). Effective and engaging curriculum that challenges and motivates visual arts and design students in today's knowledge economy. In K. Wood, D. Knight, & S. Kinash (Eds.). Scholarship of Teaching and Learning @ Bond, Volume 2 (pp. 160-167). Gold Coast, Queensland: Office of Teaching and Learning, Bond University. https://research.bond.edu.au/en/publications/effective-and-engaging-curriculum-that-challenges-and-motivates-v

De Byl, P., Birt, J., & Khan, M. (2012). Glide: Towards an intelligent kinesthetic learning space for teaching dance. In M. Al-Akaidi (Ed.), 13th Middle Eastern Simulation and Modelling Conference : MESM 2012 Proceedings. (pp. 81-82). EUROSIS. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259079282_Glide_Towards_an_intelligent_kinesthetic_learning_space_for_teaching_dance

Description

Using first aid training and paramedic science education as a case study, this project presents learning interventions using mixed reality visualisation (3D printing, virtual reality & augmented reality simulation) to enhance skills development for learners. The aim of this research is to provide more hands-on skill practice to students, as well as increase overall skill acquisition and retention by answering the question “How does the use of mixed reality affect skills development in learners?”. The expected outcome of this work is a greater understanding of how mixed reality can assist with skills development and insight into whether these techniques can lead to better learning outcomes in distance and face to face education.

Impact and Citations

Birt, J. (2018). Smart First Aid - Leading the world in 1st aid innovation: Pilot Study Report 2018. Mareeba: TCB Innovations Pty Ltd. https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/27668902/Smart_First_Aid_Leading_the_world_in_1st_aid_innovation_Pilot_Study_Report_2018.pdf

Moore, E., Cowling, M. A., & Birt, J. (2018). Using virtual reality to make paramedic practice more real. In Fleming, J., & Tickner, R. (Eds.). Good Practice Guide at CQUniversity (pg.9). Office of Learning and Teaching Services, CQUniversity. https://research.bond.edu.au/en/publications/using-virtual-reality-to-make-paramedic-practice-more-real

Cowling, M. A. & Birt, J. (2018). Pedagogy before technology:A design-based research approach to enhancing skills development in paramedic science using mixed reality. Information, 9(2), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/info9020029

Birt, J., Moore, E., & Cowling, M. A. (2017). Improving paramedic distance education through mobile mixed reality simulation. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 33(6), 69-83. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.3596

Birt, J. & Rescue Swag. (2017), Smart First Aid - Leading the World in 1st Aid Innovation, Ignite Ideas Grant. Details available from: Advanced Queensland

Birt, J., Moore, E., & Cowling, M. A. (2017, April). Piloting mobile mixed reality simulation in paramedic distance education. In Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH), 2017 IEEE 5th International Conference on Health (pp. 1-8). IEEE Xplore. https://doi.org/10.1109/SeGAH.2017.7939270

Cowling, M., Moore, E., & Birt, J. (2015). Augmenting distance education skills development in paramedic science through mixed media visualisation. Paper presented at the combined 21st European Concurrent Engineering Conference, 11th Future Business Technology Conference, 19th Annual Euromedia Conference. 27-29 April, 2015. Lisbon, Portugal. https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/27498810/Augmenting_distance_education_skills_development_in_paramedic_sci.pdf

Cowling, M. A., Birt. J. & Moore, E. (2015, October) Using 3D Printed Tools and an Augmented Reality Smartphone App to Enhance Paramedic Skill Development. Poster session presented at Council of Ambulance Authorities Conference, Melbourne, Australia. Available: Here

Moore, E., Cowling, M. A. & Birt. J. (2015, October) Improving Skill Development for Paramedics through Mixed Media Visualisation via 3D Printing and an Augmented Reality App. Poster session presented at Paramedics Australasia International Conference, Adelaide, Australia. Available: Here

Moore, E., Cowling, M., & Birt, J. (2014, December) Exploring Possibilities in 3D Printing for Paramedic Science. Poster session presented at 4th ACU Simulation in Health Education Showcase, Brisbane, Queensland.

Description

New accessible learning methods delivered through mobile and mixed reality are becoming possible in education, shifting pedagogy from the use of two dimensional images and videos to facilitating learning via interactive mobile environments. This is especially important in medical and health education, where the required knowledge acquisition is typically much more experiential, self-directed, and hands-on than in many other disciplines. Presented are insights obtained from the implementation and testing of mixed reality technology in anatomy and physiology classrooms. With the aim to explore how interactions with these devices assist in the spatial learning and knowledge transfer in health sciences and medicine.

Impact and Citations

Jones, C., Jones, D., & Moro, C. (2021). Use of virtual and augmented reality-based interventions in health education to improve dementia knowledge and attitudes: an integrative review. BMJ Open, 11(11), [e053616]. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053616

Stromberga, Z., Phelps, C., Smith, J., & Moro, C. (2021). Teaching with Disruptive Technology: The Use of Augmented, Virtual, and Mixed Reality (HoloLens) for Disease Education. In P. M. Rea (Ed.), Biomedical Visualisation (Vol. 9, pp. 147-162). (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology; Vol. 1317).https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61125-5_8

Moro, C., Birt, J., Stromberga, Z., Phelps, C., Clark, J., Glasziou, P., & Scott, A. M. (2021). Virtual and augmented reality enhancements to medical and science student physiology and anatomy test performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Anatomical Sciences Education.https://doi.org/10.1002/ase.2049

Moro, C., Smith, J., & Finch, E. (2021). Improving stroke education with augmented reality: A randomized control trial. Computers and Education Open, 2, [100032]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2021.100032

Moro, C., Phelps, C., Redmond, P., & Stromberga, Z. (2020). HoloLens and mobile augmented reality in medical and health science education: A randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Educational Technology, [13049]. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13049

Stirling, A., & Moro, C. (2020). The Use of Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality in Anatomy Education. In L. K. Chan, & W. Pawlina (Eds.), Teaching Anatomy: A Practical Guide (2nd ed., pp. 359-366). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43283-6_36

Moro, C., Phelps, C., Jones, D., & Stromberga, Z. (2020). Using Holograms to Enhance Learning in Health Sciences and Medicine. Medical Science Educator, 30(4), 1351-1352.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-020-01051-7

Moro, C., Stromberga, Z., & Moreland, A. (2020). Enhancing Teaching in Biomedical, Health and Exercise Science with Real-Time Physiological Visualisations. In P. M. Rea (Ed.), Biomedical Visualisation (Vol. 8, pp. 1-11). (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology; Vol. 1245). Springer.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47483-6_1

Moro, C., Stromberga, Z., & Birt, J. R. (2020). Technology considerations in health professions and clinical education. In D. Nestel, G. Reedy, L. McKenna, & S. Gough (Eds.), Clinical Education for the Health Professions: Theory and Practice (pp. 1-25). Singapore: Springer.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6106-7_118-1

Moro, C., & Stromberga, Z. (2019). Virtual reality using advances in modern technology to enhance the individualised learning experience. Independence Journal, 44(2), 28-31.https://independence.partica.online/independence/vol-44-no-2-october-2019/flipbook/28/

Kuehn, B. M. (2018, February) Virtual and Augmented Reality Put a Twist on Medical Education. Featured Article in JAMA - Interactive Anatomy. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.20800

Birt, J., Stromberga, Z., Cowling, M. & Moro, C. (2018). Mobile mixed reality for experiential learning and simulation in medical and health sciences education. Information, 9(2), 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/info9020031

Moro, C., Stromberga, Z., & Stirling, A. (2017). Virtualisation devices for student learning: Comparison between desktop-based (Oculus Rift) and mobile-based (Gear VR) virtual reality in medical and health science education. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 33(6), 1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14742/ajet.3840

Moro, C., Stromberga, Z., Raikos, A., & Stirling, A. (2017). The effectiveness of virtual and augmented reality in health science and medical anatomy. Anatomical Sciences Education, 10(6), 549-599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ase.1696

Moro, C., Stromberga, Z., Raikos, A., & Stirling, A. (2016). Combining virtual (Oculus Rift & Gear VR) and augmented reality with interactive applications to enhance tertiary medical and biomedical curricula. In SA 2016 - SIGGRAPH ASIA 2016 Symposium on Education: Talks [2993364] Association for Computing Machinery. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2993363.2993364

Stromberga, Z., Raikos, A., Stirling, A., & Moro, C. (2016). Utilising Virtual and Augmented Reality to enhance medical and healthcare education. Poster session presented at 55th Australian Society for Medical Research National Scientific Conference, Gold Coast, Australia. http://asmr-nsc.p.asnevents.com.au/days/2016-11-13/abstract/40037

Stirling, A., & Birt, J. (2014). An enriched multimedia eBook application to facilitate learning of anatomy. Anatomical Sciences Education, 7(1), 19-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ase.1373

Stirling, A., & Birt, J. (2013). Getting to the HEART of Blended Learning. In Kinash, S., Knight, D. & Kordyban, R. (Eds.). Blended learning at Bond (pp.26-29). Office of Learning and Teaching, Bond University. https://research.bond.edu.au/en/publications/getting-to-the-heart-of-blended-learning

Description

The aim of this project is to present a mixed reality visualisation method to assist learners with theoretical model understanding and applied use in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) education. In particular, to address the problem that often system models are not physical in our existence but rather logical models used to describe behaviour at the software and hardware level. This can often be difficult for novice learners to understand and communicate. Using ICT Systems Analysis Design and network TCP/IP modeling as case studies, this project looks to answering the research questions: "How does mixed reality impact 21st century student learning system models in ICT courses?".

Impact and Citations

Vanderburg, R. M., Mann, G. E., & Cowling, M. A. (2021). Changing physics instruction by synergizing Vygotskian educational theory and virtual reality. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 21(6), 92-98.http://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v21i6.4378

Jha, M., Howah, K., Wibowo, S., Cowling, M. A., Soon, L. W., & Jha, S. K. (2020). Work-in-progress: Designing a virtual reality simulation to teach elements of network routing. In D. Economou, A. Klippel, H. Dodds, A. Pena-Rios, M. J. W. Lee, D. Beck, . . . J. Richter (Eds.), Proceedings of the 6th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network, iLRN 2020 (pp. 279-282). Online: Immersive Learning Research Network. http://doi.org/10.23919/iLRN47897.2020.9155104

Cowling, M. A., & Vanderburg, R. M. (2020). An interactive virtual reality physics instructional environment based on Vygotskian educational theory. In S. Gregory, S. Warburton, & M. Parkes (Eds.), ASCILITE's First Virtual Conference, Proceedings ASCILITE 2020 (pp. 168-173). Online: ASCILITE. http://doi.org/10.14742/ascilite2020.0116

Munoz-Carpio, J. C., Cowling, M. A., & Birt, J. R. (2020). Exploring the Benefits of Using 360 Video Immersion to Enhance Motivation and Engagement in System Modelling Education. In D. Economou, A. Klippel, H.Dodds, A. Pena-Rios, M. Lee, D. Beck, J.Pitker, A. Dengel, Peres. A, & J. Richter(Eds.), IEEE Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN) 2020 Conference Proceedings (pp. 403-406).https://immersivelrn.org/resources/proceedings/proceedings-books/

Munoz-Carpio, J. C., Cowling, M. A., & Birt, J. R. (2019). Enhancing Learning of System Modelling through 360 Virtual Reality Video and 3D Printing. In S. Chew Yi Wei, C. Kah Mun, & A. Alphonso (Eds.), Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ASCILITE) 2019 Conference Proceedings (Vol. 36, pp. 378-382). ASCILITE.https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/34338684/Munoz_Birt_Cowling_ASCILITE_2019_paper_116.pdf

Munoz, J.C., Cowling, M., & Birt, J. (2019). Piloting Experiential Learning through 360° Video and 3d Printing to Improve System Modelling. 1st International Conference on Mathematics, Science and Technology Teaching and Learning (ICMSTTL).Sydney (pp. 23-28). https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=3348400.3348411

Munoz, J.C., Cowling, M., & Birt, J. (2018). Framework to Enhance Teaching and Learning in System Analysis and Unified Modelling Language. 7th IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment and Learning for Engineering (TALE). https://doi.org/10.1109/TALE.2018.8615284

Cowling, M. & Birt, J. (2016). Piloting mixed reality in ICT networking to visualize complex theoretical multi-step problems. In S. Barker, S. Dawson, A. Pardo, & C. Colvin (Eds.), Show Me The Learning. Proceedings ASCILITE 2016 Adelaide (pp. 163-168).http://2016conference.ascilite.org/wp-content/uploads/ASCILITE-2016-full-proceedings-Updated-1512.pdf

Munoz, J.C., Cowling, M., & Birt, J. (2016). Using gamification and mixed reality visualization to improve conceptual understanding in ICT system analysis and design. In S. Barker, S. Dawson, A. Pardo, & C. Colvin (Eds.), Show Me The Learning. Proceedings ASCILITE 2016 Adelaide (pp. 455-460). http://2016conference.ascilite.org/wp-content/uploads/ASCILITE-2016-full-proceedings-Updated-1512.pdf

Munoz, J.C., Cowling, M., & Birt, J. (2016). Effectiveness of Augmented Reality instruction in teaching ICT Systems Design, Australian Higher Education Conference Canberra.https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/25234603/Munoz_Cowling_Verma_Birt_2016.pdf

Cowling, M. & Birt, J. (2015). Teaching Complex Theoretical Multi-Step Problems in ICT Networking through 3D Printing and Augmented Reality. In T. Reiners, B.R. von Konsky, D. Gibson, V. Chang, L. Irving, & K. Clarke (Eds.), Globally connected, digitally enabled. Proceedings ascilite 2015 in Perth (pp. CP:62-CP:66). Awarded best concise paper award. https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/25031725/Teaching_complex_theoretical_multi_step_problems_in_ICT_networkin.pdf

Munoz, J.C., Cowling, M., & Birt, J. (2015). Pedagogy enabled through technology: using augmented reality effectively through mobile devices in the ICT learning environment, Poster session presented at IEEE Queensland Section 30 Years Celebration PhD Poster Conference, Brisbane, Australia. https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/25234641/Pedagogy_AR_Munoz_Cowling_Birt.pdf